Autism for First Responders-Autism for EMS

Pdf Summary

Autism is a spectrum disorder, meaning it presents differently in each individual. People with autism cannot be identified by appearance but rather by their behavior. It is important to note that what works for one person with autism may not work for another. Many individuals with autism are nonverbal or have difficulty with verbal communication. About 30-40% of individuals with autism will develop epilepsy or some other seizure disorder during adolescence. Individuals with autism have a difficult time reading facial expressions, so the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale may not accurately measure pain for them. Autistic individuals may engage in self-stimulatory behavior, such as hand flapping or repeating phrases, which is calming for them. It is advised not to interfere with these behaviors unless they present a danger to themselves or others. Autistic individuals may have tactile sensory issues and may not respond well to adhesive products like band-aids. When restraint is necessary, be mindful of their poorly developed upper trunk area to prevent positional asphyxiation. When examining individuals with autism, it is important to move slowly, explain what you are doing in advance, speak simply, and give them time to respond to questions. It is also helpful to ask a caregiver about the individual's functional level and to allow a caregiver to ride with the patient if possible. Avoid using sirens and flashing lights, and inform emergency room personnel about the individual's autism for appropriate triage and a quiet, isolated area. Some individuals with autism may not respond to directives due to fear or difficulty processing language. Identification can often be found on an individual, such as a Medic Alert Bracelet or personal information card. It is important to investigate situations that may appear neglectful or abusive, as families may use specific methods to prevent injury or address sensory needs.

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Keywords

Autism

Spectrum disorder

Behavior

Nonverbal

Verbal communication

Epilepsy

Seizure disorder

Facial expressions

Self-stimulatory behavior

Tactile sensory issues